JURNAL APLIKASI PELAYARAN DAN KEPELABUHANAN

Efforts of MV. Vantage Crew in Preparation for PSC Inspection by USCG at Port Everglades Miami, USA

Oktaprianto Setya Kesuma — 2025-09-25

This study examines the readiness of the crew aboard MV Vantage in preparing for Port State Control (PSC) inspections conducted by the United States Coast Guard (USCG) at Port Everglades, Miami, USA, with a focus on the maintenance and operation of safety equipment. Using a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, data was collected through interviews, direct observation during safety drills, and document analysis, which was then processed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that crew readiness is highly dependent on effective supervision of training and a deep understanding of safety equipment operational procedures, with challenges such as limited training time and a lack of discipline among crew members. This study highlights the need for synergy between safety equipment maintenance and human factors to enhance maritime safety and provides recommendations for improving ship safety standards.

Container Operations Management at the Belawan Domestic Container Terminal in North Sumatra

Syarifur Ridho — 2025-09-25

The Belawan Domestic Container Terminal plays a key role as the main route for domestic container flow to regions such as North Sumatra, Aceh, and Riau. However, the high volume of container movements from depots to the port occurring almost simultaneously often leads to congestion, especially in the truck stacking areas and entry gates. This study aims to analyze the container operation management at the terminal, focusing on four key management functions: planning, organizing, implementing, and controlling.

The study uses a qualitative descriptive approach, collecting data through interviews, observations, and documentation. Triangulation is applied to ensure the validity of the information. The results indicate that applying these four management functions greatly contributes to smooth terminal operations. Well-structured planning and clear task organization improve operational efficiency. Coordinated execution across the vessel area, yard, and gate supports smooth processes, despite challenges such as truck queues and technical issues with the gate’s CTOS application. Time control during container receiving and delivery activities is also crucial to reducing congestion.

Recommendations include implementing a more structured time allocation between receiving and delivery activities, optimizing the use of handling equipment, and increasing staff at the entry gate to speed up document checks and minimize truck queues.

Comparative Analysis of Clean and Foul Bills of Lading Based on Laboratory Verification of Documents at the Port of Belawan

Syarifur Ridho — 2025-09-25

This study aims to compare clean and foul Bills of Lading (B/L) using a systematic document analysis approach in a document verification laboratory. A B/L is a key document in cargo transportation that reflects the condition of goods when received by the carrier. A clean B/L indicates that the goods were accepted without any remarks of damage or discrepancy, while a foul B/L includes notes indicating defects or inconsistencies. The research applies a descriptive-comparative method using authentic B/L documents from actual shipping practices. Each document was analyzed in detail to identify structural differences and assess content accuracy. The results show clear distinctions between clean and foul B/Ls, particularly in terms of annotations, layout, and verification process duration. The findings confirm the important role of document laboratories in ensuring the validity and classification of B/Ls. This study contributes to the improvement of documentation accuracy in cargo handling and supports better administrative decision-making in logistics operations.

Analysis of the Causes of Delays in Pilotage and Towing Services within the Integrated Ship Operation Digital System at PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia (Persero) Banjarmasin Branch

Firman Syaifullah — 2025-09-25

This study examines the causes of delays in pilotage and towing services within the integrated ship operation digital system at PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia (Pelindo) Banjarmasin Branch. Pelindo strives to provide timely and efficient pilotage services for ships docking or entering and exiting the port, while ensuring adequate safety and comfort to minimize the risk of accidents for vessels operating in the Barito River channel and Banjarmasin Port. However, these efforts have not been fully successful due to challenges in improving timely and efficient services. Data analysis reveals that the delays are caused by a combination of external and internal factors, as well as constraints within the integrated ship operation digital system. This research employs qualitative methods including observation, interviews, and documentation. The issues have resulted in decreased operational efficiency, increased accident risks, economic losses, and customer dissatisfaction. Therefore, a comprehensive and integrated strategy is necessary to enhance the performance of pilotage and towing services at Banjarmasin Port.

Development of Supervision Systems Integrated to Increase the Efficiency of Embarkation and Debarkation of Passenger Ships: Case Study KM. Gunung Dempo

Syabania Baitul Rizky — 2025-09-25

Embarkation Debarkation is the process of boarding and disembarking ship passengers. Disruptions to the embarkation and disembarkation process can cause the ship to be late or not according to the ship's schedule. This research aims to investigate disruptions in the embarkation and disembarkation process on passenger ships KM. Gunung Dempo. Through case studies and analysis, researchers evaluate the impact that ship delays have on passengers, especially passenger ships KM. Gunung Dempo. Researchers also carried out an analysis of the causes of ship delays. The research results showed that ship delays were caused by the embarkation and disembarkation processes not being smooth, there were many disruptions to the embarkation and disembarkation processes such as hawkers and ship workers who boarded and disembarked irregularly in large numbers. It was found that the biggest cause of ships experiencing delays was the embarkation and disembarkation process. This finding highlights the importance of maintaining regulatory compliance, order and ship security.

The Effect of Ship Crew Governance System on Seafarer’s Employee Engagement under Seaferer’s Employee Agreement at PT. Pelindo Marine Service

Eka Rahayu Dwireswati — 2025-09-25

This study aims to examine the impact of crew governance implementation on the level of employee engagement among crew members employed under Seafarers' Employment Agreements (PKL) at PT Pelindo Marine Service. The governance components analyzed include human resource management systems, payroll and welfare systems, communication, work facilities and environment, as well as job-related factors. A quantitative approach was applied using a survey method, with questionnaires distributed to 106 PKL-status crew members. The collected data were analyzed using simple linear regression to determine the relationship between governance variables and employee engagement levels. The findings reveal that crew governance significantly influences employee engagement. High levels of engagement were reflected in indicators such as work enthusiasm, dedication, and a strong sense of role fulfillment within the company. These results suggest that structured and professional crew management can enhance crew loyalty and their contribution to the achievement of organizational goals.

Optimization of Container Freight Station Performance Through Operational Improvements at PT. Terminal Petikemas Surabaya

Brilian Gregory Augustinus — 2025-09-25

Container Freight Station (CFS) is a crucial facility in supporting the efficiency of unloading operations and customs inspections for imported containers. At PT Terminal Petikemas Surabaya, a significant increase in activity between December 2024 and January 2025 led to an imbalance between delivery job volumes and service capacity, disrupting operational effectiveness. This study aims to identify operational constraints in CFS and propose appropriate optimization strategies. A descriptive qualitative method was employed, utilizing interviews, direct observation, and literature review. The findings indicate that key obstacles include limited unloading equipment, workforce shortages, and a lack of integrated information systems among work units. Recommended improvements involve adding work shifts during peak seasons, implementing regular equipment maintenance, enhancing interdepartmental coordination, and developing integrated IT systems. These efforts are expected to enhance operational efficiency and strengthen the competitive position of port logistics services.

Optimizing the Use of Ships in Time Charter to Increase the Efficiency of Coal Transportation at PT. Kartika Samudra Adijaya

Wildan Fahri Ramadhan — 2025-09-25

The Coal tugboat charter and private ownership have significant differences in various aspects, including control, cost, flexibility, and risks faced. In terms of control, when you choose to charter a ship, the charterer has control over the shipping route and schedule, but the technical and operational responsibilities remain with the shipowner. This means that although you can determine how and when the ship is used, you do not have full rights to manage the ship itself. On the other hand, by privately owning a vessel, the owner has full control over all operational aspects, including maintenance, operation and strategic decisions relating to the use of the vessel.

Operational Procedures for Ship Arrival & Departure Services for KM. Dharma Kencana V Customer Satisfaction at Donggala Port

Ainul Yakin — 2025-09-25

: This study describes the operational procedures for the arrival and departure of the KM. Dharma Kencana V at Donggala Port and evaluates their impact on passenger satisfaction. This port is crucial for connectivity in Central Sulawesi, so the effectiveness of operational procedures is crucial. Using a qualitative approach with observation, interviews, and documentation, the results show that procedures such as berthing, embarkation, disembarkation, and vehicle loading are in accordance with standards, although there are obstacles such as schedule delays and suboptimal services for passengers with special needs. In general, passenger satisfaction is good, but improvements are needed in terms of punctuality and comfort. Recommendations are provided for operators and port authorities to improve coordination and service quality for more effective and user-friendly maritime transportation.

Container Crane Performance Analysis to Improve Dock Operational Efficiency at PT. Terminal Petikemas Surabaya

Ajhar Maulana — 2025-09-25

This study analyzes the performance of Container Cranes at PT Terminal Petikemas Surabaya to enhance quay operational efficiency. The main indicators used are Box Crane Hour (BCH) and Box Ship Hour (BSH). Findings show that the 2024 average BSH reached 47.03 boxes/hour (above target), while most cranes did not meet the BCH target of 25 boxes/hour. Key issues include bad weather, equipment downtime, and poor operational coordination. Recommendations include improved maintenance, operator training, and real-time performance monitoring.

The Impact of Transformational Leadership and Management Support on Employee Performance through Organizational Commitment in Shipping Companies

Mursidi Mursidi — 2025-09-25

Employee performance is a key factor in organizational success, especially in dynamic industries such as shipping. This study aims to analyze the role of organizational commitment as a mediator in the relationship between transformational leadership, managerial support, and employee performance. This research adopts a qualitative approach based on secondary data, reviewing and synthesizing previous studies to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the relationships among the variables under investigation. The results indicate that transformational leadership enhances employee motivation and engagement, while managerial support plays a role in creating a stable and supportive work environment. However, the influence of these two variables on employee performance is mediated by the level of organizational commitment. Employees with high commitment are more motivated to increase productivity and demonstrate greater loyalty to the organization. Therefore, companies should strengthen leadership strategies, management policies, and create a work culture that supports employee commitment.

Crowdsourcing as an Innovative Model in Public Policy Decision Making: Opportunities and Challenges

Aris Sarjito — 2025-09-25

Crowdsourcing has emerged as a transformative mechanism in public policy decision-making, enabling governments to leverage collective intelligence for more inclusive, transparent, and effective governance. This study explores the opportunities, challenges, and best practices of integrating crowdsourcing into policymaking. The research highlights how crowdsourcing enhances citizen participation, fosters transparency, and improves decision-making efficiency by providing diverse perspectives. However, key challenges such as misinformation, the digital divide, data security risks, and ethical concerns pose barriers to its effective implementation. To address these challenges, strategic frameworks are essential, including hybrid governance models, AI-driven data verification, and enhanced digital inclusivity policies. The study provides policy recommendations for optimizing crowdsourcing, emphasizing robust regulatory frameworks, stronger data protection laws, and equitable access to participation platforms. Furthermore, it identifies future research directions, including the potential of AI in refining crowdsourcing accuracy and cross-country comparative studies on best practices. As governments increasingly adopt digital governance models, crowdsourcing must be carefully managed to balance openness with accountability. By implementing structured strategies, policymakers can maximize the benefits of crowdsourcing while mitigating its risks, fostering a more democratic, transparent, and effective governance system.

The Influence of Transformational Leadership, Motivation, and Discipline on Teacher Performance at Muhammadiyah Senior High School Martapura, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan Province

Abdul Kadir — 2025-09-25

This study aims to examine the influence of transformational leadership, motivation, and discipline on teacher performance at SMA Muhammadiyah Martapura, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan Province. The research employed a quantitative approach using a survey method, with the entire population of 32 teachers selected as respondents through total sampling. Data were collected through literature review, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results indicate that simultaneously, the three independent variables transformational leadership (X1), motivation (X2), and discipline (X3) have a significant effect on teacher performance (Y), with an F-value of 628.218 > F-table value of 3.63 and a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05. Partially, each variable also has a significant positive effect, as shown by t-values greater than the t-table and significance values below 0.05. Transformational leadership is found to be the dominant variable influencing teacher performance, with the highest regression coefficient of 0.895. The coefficient of determination (R²) is 0.993, indicating that 99.3% of the variance in teacher performance can be explained by the three independent variables.

The Influence of Service Quality Dimensions on Member Satisfaction at Koperasi Serba Usaha (KSU) Syariah Surya Sekawan in Martapura, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan Province

Ali Audah — 2025-09-25

This study aims to analyze the influence of service quality dimensions, namely tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy, on the member satisfaction of the Islamic Multipurpose Cooperative (KSU) Syariah Surya Sekawan in Martapura, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan Province. The research employs a quantitative approach using a survey method. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 100 cooperative members selected by purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results show that partially, the variables tangible (X1) and empathy (X5) have a significant effect on member satisfaction. Meanwhile, the variables reliability (X2), responsiveness (X3), and assurance (X4) do not have a significant partial effect. However, simultaneously, all five independent variables have a significant influence on member satisfaction, as indicated by the F-test result, where F count is 211.168 > F table 2.81, with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. The R Square value of 0.681 indicates that 68.1% of the variation in member satisfaction can be explained by the five service quality dimensions studied. These findings highlight the importance of holistic service quality management within Islamic cooperatives to enhance member satisfaction. Therefore, cooperative management is expected to improve physical service aspects and strengthen empathy-based approaches in service interactions.

The Influence of Emotional Intelligence and Individual Characteristics on the Performance of Employees of the Department of Cooperatives, Micro, and Small Enterprises, Industry and Trade, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan

Siti Fatimah — 2025-09-25

This study aims to analyze the influence of emotional intelligence and individual characteristics on employee performance, both simultaneously and partially, and to identify the most dominant variable affecting the performance of employees at the Office of Micro Enterprises, Industry, and Trade of Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan. The research employed a quantitative approach with a survey method and multiple linear regression analysis. A total of 39 respondents were selected using the total sampling technique. The results show that emotional intelligence and individual characteristics simultaneously have a significant effect on employee performance. Partially, both variables also positively and significantly influence performance, with individual characteristics being the most dominant factor. This finding implies that employees with strong characteristics including work motivation, responsibility, self-confidence, and aligned personal values are more capable of performing tasks professionally and consistently in accordance with the principles of equal and fair public service. These findings reinforce human resource management theories that highlight the importance of personal attributes and emotional competence in supporting individual performance. Furthermore, the results align with Law No. 43 of 1999, which emphasizes professionalism as a guiding principle in the recruitment and assignment of civil servants. The study recommends that organizations enhance their recruitment, training, and employee development programs by focusing on strengthening individual characteristics and emotional intelligence as key assets to improve the performance of civil servants.

The Impact of Fuel Quality on the Performance and Maintenance of the Ship’s Main Engine

Sugeng Marsudi — 2025-09-25

This study aims to analyze the impact of fuel quality on the performance and maintenance of a ship’s main engine. The background of the research arises from the increasing cases of engine component failures caused by low-quality fuel, particularly related to sulfur content, water contamination, and solid particles. The research applied a quantitative approach through laboratory testing of fuel samples and operational observations of the main engine on a 15,000 DWT cargo vessel. Data collection included viscosity analysis, sulfur content measurement, water contamination testing, and engine maintenance records. The results indicate that fuel with viscosity below the standard (decreasing from 180 cSt at 50°C to 120 cSt) increased the specific fuel oil consumption (SFOC) by 6.8%. High sulfur content (3.2% m/m) accelerated deposit formation on the piston crown and exhaust valve. Moreover, water contamination of 0.6% caused micro-corrosion on the fuel pump plunger and shortened the maintenance interval by 1.5 times compared to the standard. The discussion highlights a direct relationship between fuel quality and maintenance cost: within six months, ships operating with low-quality fuel experienced a 22% increase in maintenance cost compared to those using ISO 8217-compliant fuel. In conclusion, fuel quality is a critical factor in maintaining combustion efficiency, engine performance, and maintenance intervals. The study recommends using fuel that meets international standards and improving fuel quality monitoring systems before usage onboard ships.

Operational Risk of Oil Water Separator (OWS) on Tanker Ships with Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) Approach for Prevention of Workplace Accidents and Environmental Pollution

Brachmantiyo Rachman Pratama — 2025-09-25

The Oil Water Separator (OWS) is a critical system on tankers to prevent marine pollution from oily waste. Its operational failure may cause workplace accidents and violations of MARPOL Annex I, leading to fines and certificate revocation. This study applies the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method to identify failure modes, analyze causes, and prioritize corrective actions based on the Risk Priority Number (RPN). The analysis revealed several critical failures, including malfunction of the oil content monitor (RPN 336), clogging of the coalescer element (RPN 315), and incomplete closure of the oil discharge valve (RPN 270). Recommendations focus on predictive maintenance, design modifications, and enhanced crew training. The findings confirm that FMEA is effective in shifting OWS maintenance strategies from reactive to risk-based, thereby improving safety and reducing pollution risks.

The Influence of Compensation, Motivation and Work Discipline on Employee Performance at the Harbormaster's Office and Class I Port Authority of Banjarmasin

Rofinus Leki — 2025-09-25

This study aims to analyze the influence of work motivation, compensation, and work discipline on employee performance at the Port Authority and Harbormaster Office (Kesyahbandaran dan Otoritas Pelabuhan) Class I Banjarmasin. The research is based on the importance of improving employee performance as a key factor in ensuring the organization’s success in delivering optimal public services. A quantitative approach was employed using a survey method with questionnaires distributed to selected employees as respondents through purposive sampling. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression with F-test, t-test, and coefficient of determination (R²). The findings indicate that work motivation, compensation, and work discipline have a positive and significant effect on employee performance, both simultaneously and partially. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.978 shows that the three independent variables explain 97.8% of employee performance variation, while the remaining 2.2% is influenced by other factors outside the model. Partially, work discipline is the most dominant variable influencing employee performance. The study concludes that improving work discipline, supported by adequate motivation and compensation, significantly enhances employee performance. The practical implication suggests that management should strengthen disciplinary policies, reward systems, and motivational programs to optimize employee performance.